What should be assessed immediately after a major trauma occurs?

Assessing the patient's breathing and circulation immediately after a major trauma is critical because these are the two most vital components of the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) of emergency care. After a significant traumatic event, patients often face life-threatening conditions, including airway obstruction, respiratory failure, or severe bleeding that can lead to shock.

Ensuring that the airway is open and that the patient is breathing adequately allows for oxygenation of vital organs, which is essential for survival following trauma. Additionally, evaluating circulation involves checking for signs of shock, such as pulse quality, skin color, and capillary refill. Identifying any major bleeding and addressing it promptly can be lifesaving and is prioritized in trauma care protocols.

Options such as assessing the patient's temperature, medication history, or activity level before the incident, while important for comprehensive patient care, are not as immediately critical in the face of major trauma where rapid assessment and intervention of life-threatening conditions take precedence.